项目摘要
The disorders in immune homeostasis and tolerance play important roles in pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD). Recent studies have suggested that tissue-resident regulatory T cells (Tregs) express specific molecules that are involved in immune homeostasis and pathological repairs. In our previous study, we found that thyroid-resident Tregs expressed IL-4, IFN-γ and high level of TGF-β, which was obviously different from their counterparts in lymphoid organs. The study suggests that thyroid-resident Tregs possess specific pattern in secreting cytokines. However, little is known about the phenotype and functions of thyroid-resident Tregs. In order to elucidate the origin, nature and phenotypic characteristics of thyroid-resident Tregs, the mRNA expression microarray, T cell receptor repertoire sequencing and immunohistological study will be performed. Further, we will co-culture the thyroid Tregs with peripheral T lymphocytes or thyroid follicular cells to determine the immune regulatory effects or the impact on thyroid functions by Tregs and their secreted IL-4, IFN-γ and TGF-β. The mechanisms underlying these affects will also be investigated. Furthermore, the roles of thyroid-resident Tregs in AITD will be studied to explore the roles and changes of these cells under pathological state. This study will help to elucidate the phenotypic characteristics and functions of thyroid-resident Tregs, and provide new insights into the pathogenesis of AITD.
免疫平衡及免疫耐受异常在甲状腺自身免疫性疾病(AITD) 的发病中起重要作用。组织内调节性T细胞(Tregs)通过特有机制参与局部组织内自稳态的维持和病理修复。我们在前期工作中发现,与外周血及脾脏不同,甲状腺组织内的Tregs具有独特的细胞因子分泌格局,能同时表达IL-4、IFN-γ及高水平的TGF-β,然而甲状腺内的Tregs的表型特征、功能及在AITD发病中的作用目前尚不明确。本课题拟通过甲状腺Tregs mRNA表达芯片、T细胞受体测序和免疫组化等研究策略,对甲状腺Tregs表型特征、来源和性质进行深入探索;评价甲状腺Tregs对T细胞激活的抑制作用及其表达的细胞因子的免疫调节功能;将甲状腺Tregs与甲状腺滤泡细胞共培养,观察其对甲状腺上皮细胞功能的影响;研究Tregs在AITD的病理变化和意义。本研究将阐明甲状腺Tregs表型特征及功能,明确该细胞表型及功能异常在AITD的作用。
结项摘要
调节性T细胞(Regulatory T cells, Tregs)在建立和维持机体免疫自稳态中起重要作用,近年来研究发现一些组织内Tregs 具有特殊的表型和功能。甲状腺是重要的内分泌器官,但甲状腺Tregs的表型特征及功能目前还不清楚;此外,Tregs功能异常在甲状腺自身免疫性疾病(AITDs)的发生和发展中起重要作用,甲状腺结节患者常伴随着甲状腺球蛋白(Thyroglobulin,Tg)水平的升高,同时AITDs的发生率也明显升高,高水平Tg是否通过影响Tregs功能增加AITDs的发生仍未阐明。我们通过基因芯片(mRNA表达芯片)、流式细胞术、免疫荧光染色、RT-qPCR及Tregs功能研究等实验技术对人甲状腺Tregs的表型特征、功能及甲状腺结节合并高Tg患者Tregs功能的变化进行了深入研究。. 首先,我们发现甲状腺Tregs的比例较外周血明显升高(14.1 vs. 1.7%, P<0.001),甲状腺Tregs功能较外周血下降约30%,甲状腺Tregs表达Tg mRNA和蛋白较外周血Tregs明显升高,甲状腺组织免疫荧光发现,表达Tg的Tregs分布于部分甲状腺滤泡内,甲状腺Tregs的Tg可以自主分泌出Tregs,且呈密度依赖性,外周血Tregs基本上不表达Tg,低水平的外源性Tg可以刺激外周血Tregs表达Tg mRNA,此外Tregs可以抑制甲状腺相关基因的表达,且呈Tregs密度依赖性;其次,我们发现外周血Tregs功能与Tg水平在甲状腺结节患者中呈明显负相关(R = 0.398, P = 0.03),高Tg水平(Tg >77 μg/L)的患者其Tregs功能较正常Tg水平患者明显降低(P < 0.05),体外研究发现,高浓度的外源性Tg(100 μg/mL)可以明显降低Tregs功能(P < 0.01),同时抑制Tregs表达FOXP3、TGF-β和IL-10 mRNA。. 研究结果提示,甲状腺Tregs是一群具有特殊表型的Tregs,它表达大量的Tg并通过旁分泌的方式调节甲状腺功能;高水平Tg损害Tregs功能,与甲状腺结节患者易于发生AITDs有关。本研究为甲状腺的生理功能的调节及合并高Tg水平的甲状腺结节患者预防AITDs的发生提供了新的和重要的依据。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(4)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
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