蓝色火旋风的动力学特性与机制基础研究

The blue whirl is a newly discovered whirling flame phenomenon which can burn heavy liquid hydrocarbons directly without producing soot. It is one of the new frontiers in the research areas of combustion and fire science. To date, there has been little quantitative measurement and no theory or modeling of this particular flame. Many scientific problems remain to be solved. This project aims to investigate the dynamic properties and underlying mechanisms of the blue whirl. Advanced experimental methods and high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics (CFD) will be used to systematically elucidate the detailed structure, flow characteristics, combustion modes, chemical reaction properties, and the dynamics of key parameters of blue whirl. The key processes, such as heat and mass transfer between gas and liquid phases, flame-flow interactions, and soot formation, will be deeply analyzed, so that the fluid and combustion mechanisms controlling the formation and evolution of the blue whirl will be revealed. Following the above results, CFD simulations of blue whirl formation and burning will be performed using high-order numerical methods. Then, the blue whirl formation under different spatial scales and conditions will be examined to gain an insight into the scale effect and identify the scale range of its formation. Furthermore, vortex theory of fluid and dimensional analysis will be applied obtain the relations between key influencing parameters, which helps quantify the intrinsic characteristics of the blue whirl. Based on this, criteria and a theoretical model of blue whirl formation will be achieved. Finally, the laws and mechanisms of the blue whirl will be deciphered in terms of theories. The current investigation will have an important scientific significance for expanding the fundamental frontiers of fire science. The study in this project will also provide theoretical supports for oil-spill remediation and clean combustion of fossil fuels.

蓝色火旋风是新发现的、可对液态化石燃料直接进行无碳黑燃烧的火焰现象，是燃烧和火灾研究的新兴科学前沿之一，存在许多科学问题亟待解决。本项目针对蓝色火旋风的动力学特性和机制展开研究。拟采用先进的实验和计算流体动力学（CFD）方法，系统阐明蓝色火旋风的火焰结构、流场特征、燃烧模式、化学特性以及关键动力学参数变化规律；通过深入剖析气-液两相传热传质、火焰-流动相互作用、碳黑演化等关键过程，揭示蓝色火旋风形成和演变的流体动力学和燃烧动力学机理。在此基础上，结合高精度CFD模拟，探索不同尺度和不同条件下的蓝色火旋风形成特性，获取其形成尺度范围和变化规律；进一步结合流体涡旋理论和量纲分析，明确关键参量之间的定量关系，从而量化蓝色火旋风的本质特征，并建立其形成临界判据和理论模型，从理论上深入揭示蓝色火旋风的内在机制。本研究对拓展火灾科学基础前沿具有重要意义，也为水上溢油处理、化石燃料清洁燃烧提供理论支持。